今日はPHPのフレームワークCodeIgniterのForm_validationクラスについてです。
元々CodeIgniterにvalidationクラスという入力フォームの検証クラスがありま
したが、1.7になってから新たにform_validationクラスという新しい検証クラス
ができました。
1.6で使っているvalidationクラスは1.7でも利用可能ですが、1.7の
form_validationクラスを推奨しています。
ということで、今日はこのform_validationクラスを使ってとても簡単なフォー
ムを作ります。
まずは、準備としてCodeIgniterの1.7.xと日本語パックをダウンロードしておきます。
次のソースを書きます。
1.controller/form.php（コントローラ）
<?php
class Form extends Controller{
// 入力
function input()
{
// URLヘルパの読み込み
$this->load->helper('url');
// フォームバリデーションの読み込み
$this->load->library('form_validation');
// ビューを呼び出す
$this->load->view('form_input_view');
}
// 確認
function confirm()
{
// URLヘルパの読み込み
$this->load->helper('url');
// フォームバリデーションの読み込み
$this->load->library('form_validation');
// バリデーションの設定
$this->form_validation->set_rules('your_name', 'お名前',
'required|xss_clean');
$this->form_validation->set_rules('pc_user_menu', 'PC利用暦',
'required|xss_clean');
$this->form_validation->set_rules('gender', '性別', 'required|xss_clean');
$this->form_validation->set_rules('os[]', '使用OS', 'xss_clean');
// バリデーションの実行
if ($this->form_validation->run() == FALSE)
{
// 失敗した場合は入力画面ビューに戻る
$this->load->view('form_input_view');
}
else
{
// 成功した場合は確認画面ビューを表示
$this->load->view('form_input_view');
}
}
}
2.view/form_input_view.php （入力画面ビュー）
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=" />
<title>サンプルです</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="<?= site_url("form/confirm"); ?>" method="post">
★お名前（必須）<?php echo form_error('your_name'); ?>
<input type="text" name="your_name" value="<?php echo set_value('name');
?>" /><br />
★パソコンの利用暦を選んでください。<?php echo form_error('pc_user_menu'); ?>
<select name="pc_user_menu">
<option value="0" <?php echo set_select('pc_user_menu', '0', TRUE);?>
/>▼選択してください
<option value="1" <?php echo set_select('pc_user_menu', '1');?> />1年未
満</option>
<option value="2" <?php echo set_select('pc_user_menu', '2');?> />1年か
ら2年</option>
<option value="3" <?php echo set_select('pc_user_menu', '3');?> />2年以
上</option>
</select>
<br />
★性別を選んでください。（必須）<?php echo form_error('gender'); ?>
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="man" <?php echo
set_radio('gender', 'man');?> />男性
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="woman" <?php echo
set_radio('gender', 'woman');?> />女性
<br />
★使用しているOSをすべて選択してください。(複数選択可)<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="1" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '1'); ?> />Windows95<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="2" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '2'); ?> />Windows98<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="3" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '3'); ?> />WindowsNT<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="4" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '4'); ?> />Windows2000<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="5" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '5'); ?> />WindowsXP<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="6" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '6'); ?> />WindowsVista<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="7" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '7'); ?> />Windows 7<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="8" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '8'); ?> />Mac OS 9<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="9" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '9'); ?> />Mac OS X<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="10" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '10'); ?> />Linux<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="os[]" value="11" <?php echo
set_checkbox('os[]', '11'); ?> />Solaris<br />
<input type="submit" name="send" value="送信" />
</form>
</body>
コントローラとビューにそれぞれソースを置いてから、動作確認をします。
（今回はform_confirm_view.phpは用意していないので、正しく入力した場合の
画面は用意していません。興味のある方は適宜作ってみてください。。。。）
$this->form_validation->set_rules()
メソッドで条件の設定をして、
$this->form_validation->run()
メソッドでフォームの入力内容の検証が実行されて・・・
エラーメッセージはset_error();
入力値の再表示はset_value()、プルダウンはset_select()、ラジオボタンは
set_radio()、チェックボックスはset_checkbox()メソッドでフォームで入力し
た値を再表示することができます。
名前の項目以外の項目を入れて送信ボタンを押してみます。
すると、名前を入れてくださいというエラーメッセージと、入力した値が表示さ
れていることがわかります。
プルダウンやチェックボックスで再表示する場合は、繰り返し文とIF文を駆使し
て選択した項目を表示させるのですが、なんとこれだけでできてしまいます。
ポイントは複数選択のチェックボックスです。
複数選択のチェックボックスの場合は名前と、バリデーションの値を配列にしま
す。set_checkboxメソッドに指定する名前も配列にします。これだけで入力した
複数選択が再表示されます。
本来複数のチェックボックス選択を再表示する場合はロジックをごちゃごちゃと
書かないといけないのですが、ビューファイルにちょこっと書くだけでおしまい
ですから本当に便利です。
もう１つのポイントとして、最初の入力画面にあたるinputメソッドにも
form_validationライブラリを読み込みます。
validation機能は主に確認画面に入れるのが通例なので、1番最初の入力画面に
入れ忘れてしまうことが多いです。
元の入力画面にあたるinputメソッドにform_validationライブラリを読み込まな
いとエラーが発生してしまいます。エラーをなくすために頭を悩ませていたり、
あれこれCodeIgniterのソースをいじっている方も見られますが、その必要はあ
りません。form_validationライブラリを読み込むだけで解決します。
form_validationクラスを使って入力フォームを作る場合は、確認画面のみでは
なく最初の入力画面にもform_validationライブラリを忘れずに読み込むように
しましょう。
CodeIgniterのform_validationクラスを使うとフォーム入力画面と入力チェック
機能がとても簡単にできてしまいます。
CodeIgniterを使っている人もそうでない人もCodeIgniterの最新バージョン、ぜ
ひぜひ使ってみてください。
おしま～い。
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